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CAUSES

THERE WERE MANY CRUCIAL CAUSES FOR THE DIEPPE RAID AS ONE MUST LOOK AT THE BACKGROUND OF WORLD WAR II TO FULLY UNDERSTAND THE PLANNING THAT FORESHADOWED THE DIEPPE RAID

Causes 1

 

The main causes of World War II was the desire of Adolf Hitler, in control of Nazi Germany to dominate the World and gain control especially of the agrarian resources to the east of Germany. In order for the German people to get more land. He was allied with Japan, which intended to control the much larger nation of China, as well as Italy (which had ambitions to control parts of the Balkans) and several smaller countries. Hitler had successfully taken control of Austria and Czechoslovakia by early 1939, when Britain and France reversed their policy of appeasement and switched to a policy of deterrence, warning they would declare war if Germany attacked Poland. Hitler thought they were bluffing. He signed an agreement with the Soviet Union in late August that divided up Poland and the Baltic states. Germany invaded Poland on 1 September 1939. Hitler's invasion of Poland made Great Britain and France to declare war on Germany, and World War II then begun.

Causes 2

At the same time the British Chief of Combined Operations, Rear Admiral Louis Mountbatten, was itching for a practical trial beach landing, against real opposition, for his troops. Due to the pressure, Winston Churchill decided that Operation Rutter, a "run and gun" raid on Dieppe, should commence.

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The Canadian government wanted for its troops to take part in this exciting raid. Lieutenant General Bernard Montgomery of Britain's South-Eastern Command provided the troops for the operation, and planned a frontal assault, without heavy preliminary airstrikes. Montgomery was also being pressured by the Canadian government to ensure that Canadian troops saw some action, so the Canadian 2nd Division, under Major General Roberts, was selected for the main assault.
These troops were to assault the town and port of Dieppe, while, as a distraction, British parachute units would attack German batteries on the headlands on either side of the Canadians.

 

CAUSE 3

 

 

On 1 July it was agreed that the raid would take place either on 4 July, or on the first day afterwards that promised favourable weather conditions.



The attack was to be mounted from five ports between Southampton and Newhaven, with forces made up of around 5,000 Canadians, 1,000 British troops, and 50 US Rangers. There were 237 ships and landing craft, and 74 squadrons of aircraft, of which 66 were fighter squadrons.



The plan was set.....

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